Process for manufacturing metal rings



F. MOSSBERG.

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING METAL RINGS. APPLICATION FILED AUG.5. 1918.

Patented May 10, 1921.

- bands which are applied to shells and serve I FRANK MOSSBERG, OF ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROCESS FOR'MANUFACTURING METAL RINGS. j

T 0 all whom it may concem:

Be it known that I, FRANK Moss ERc, a citizen of the United States residing in the city of Attleboro, county of l3ristol, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for Manufacturing Metal Rings, of which the following is a specification, reference being 'had to the accompanying drawings, illus trative of one particular embodiment of my invention. I

This invention relates to processes for manufacture of metal articles such as rings, out of metal, and in particular the production of. finished rings from ductile material in a manner involving an original form most economically provided, and the effect of such process with maximumsaving in the cost of manufacture. In particular, one application of my process is the production of copper bands; such as the rotating-or rifling to engage the rifiing of the gun barrel. These rings must be accurate as finally pro duced ready for attachment to the shells,

fore the saving of cost in their production is of greatest importance.

While in addition the further steps of the 'process contribute to economy and also produce a finished article of advantageous physical qualities most satisfactorily meeting all the requirements of strength, ductility and uniformity of structure of metal.

In the particular application of my process which is herein described in detail, I produce a blank which is worked into the finished article, the blank being made in a manner affording very distinctive advantages, and in particular this process as distinguished from my, patent above cited,.

affords a most economical basis for'niy process when manufacturing what are generally known as small bands. When the process is used for the production of rotating bands,

the bands ranging from those suitable for Specification of Letters Patent.

shells, or more, it becomes a question of most Patented May 10,1921. Application filed August 5, 1918. I Serial No. 248,256. i

economically providing the blanks. In the larger-sizes cast blanks are readily produced and afford a large basis for economy of the process, whiledt is difiicult to produce small castings, and 1111152 invention therefore aims to produce the small blanks economically and in a manner suitable for the process,

and in some other: respects involves advan- I tageous steps in the course of production.

In a particular embodiment of my invention,,I will now specifically describe the process with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

, Figure 1 isa side view of a metal rod blank.

Fig. 2 shows the rod bent 'in a circle,-

Fig. 2 is asection of the .rod, and Fig. 2 is a section of a modified form.

Fig. 3 shows the bent rod welded at I abutting ends forming a ring. i r Fig. 3* is a bent blankwith'modified ends.

Fig. 8 is a ring, as Fig; 3?, welded, avoid-- ing excrescence at the joint. although they are used but once, and there- Fig. I shows a rod spirally wound on .a mandrel, arranged so that it may be cut into rings. 7

Fig. 5 is a side View of the blank Fig. 3,- Fig. 5 is the blank pressed or .flattened,--- Fig. 5 shows the blank in section in a further step, cupped with its sides inclined.

' Fig. 6 shows a die and punch of a press in section, and a blank such as Fig. 5 in position for the finishing'operation, and in dotted lines the finished position of the article in the'die.

Fig. 7 shows the finished ring. The blank A is a length cut from a rod with a section, as shown in Fig. 2 the V .105 'welding is effected electrically. or may be.

done by other methods. 1 Such a joint if" made in a finished band would cause a weakened structure locallyand would not be satisfactory, but in my process the welding of the abutting joints is made in the blank and thereafter the blank is worked an treated effecting the advantages of my prochas shown ess. Essentially, by my process the band with its welded joint is pressed to the point of flow of'the metal, and the material at the joint is changed in its structure to such an extent that the joint is equal to, and in fact the ring. I

Any surplus material at the weld B may be removed to any extent found desirable, or the weld so made that no excrescence results by suitably reducing the size of the abutting ends before welding. The blank A, as shown in Fig. 5, is then subjected to' pressure, to an extent that when between the dies the metal in the blank will flow throughout, so that the structure of the metal will be changed simultaneously throughout the ring, resulting in a flattened annular disk G. In producing the flattened disk C, inner or outer sizing dies may be used, as set forth in my patent above recited. Thereafter the blank is cupped to the form D, and in this condition is inserted preferably as shown in the press, Fig. 6, by beingreversed'to a posigreater strength than the rest of tion so that the narrow part of the blank D engages shoulders E on the punch E, while the larger-end of the blank engagesan inclined portion F of the die F, so that with the movement of the punch l) the entire blank is pressed uniformly throughout so that it is self-centering," and moves until the larger diameter i sreducedto the same diameter as the smaller end tllI'OlighOllt the length and into the final position thereby pro- I du'cinggthe up-ended ring or band when pressed through. the die. Any slight inequalities ofedges are removed in the usual manner, or as set forth in my patent heretofore referred to, producing the finished ring G. Whenpressed through the die a stripper K- as shown, mayilengage the top edge of the to hold it w ile the punch recedes.

Illig I nstead of starting the production from a shown in section Fig. 2". Such square rods round rods, square bars may be used as 'or round rods maybe wound about a'man drel H, as shown in Fig.4, with a slot H.-

v The convolutions J-J so wound around the mandrel afford the facilities for cutting along one side of the mandrel, so that each convolution J-J as severed produces a split ring, which is pressed fiat to cause the ends to abut which are welded to roduce ,a fin ished ring, as in Fig. 3." T e bur at the weld is-preferabl machined off so that all sure causing uniform scale or surface e ect of the structure of the metal at-the weld is removed. Thus the next step in the process is'efl'ect'ed by the dies engaging the ring blank uniformly through.- out its circumference andinsuring the presand simultaneous flow of metal throughout the ring;

' In the various steps of the process, heating and annealing are effected .aslnecessary to insure der treatment.

It will be noted that in the step shown in Fig. 6 the conversion from the cupped disk proper action of the-metal un- 'in the up-ended or cylindrical ring, is ac-.

element in effecting economy in the manu-v facture of rings such as rotating bands or anything similar. The casting of very small blanks is relatively more expensive pound for pound, than the casting of large blanks, in view of which the. economies due to my process, while very material when using cast blanks for large bands, may be still further augmented by the use of blanks made as above set forth for the production of small hands. It is known that the production of rods or bars of small sizes, entails a very slight increase in cost over ingot copper, whereas the production or sheets or tubing involvesrolling or drawing operations which very materially add to the cost of the metal when it isnecessary to have it in sheet or tubqlar form for the manufacture of bands y other methods now' practised. Furthermore, the use of bar stock permits the prbduction of a ring blank with exactly the proper amount of metal necessary for the finished article, allowing, of course, for predetermined known, but very slight loss, in the steps-of the process. This loss or scrap is extremely small as compared with the loss and scrap incident to the practice of processes other than mine.

Many other forms of bands may be made by my process or the use of some steps in my process, as set forth in my claims. Thus gaskets or washers of finished forms other than cylindrical may be economically produced, as well as other finished articles.

-While rotating'bands :or rifling bands are now a most important, and in fact an enormous product, in view of which every possible economy in Illlllt production means a great dealin the whole aggregate, in afterwar times the process will be equally advantageous in. the production-of many other articles which are required in quantity.

.Bushi'ngsffor bearings would be of other mater al-than copper, and various articles may "be made of still different metals, alloy or'compounds,jwith the attendant saving by utilizing my invention.

'Variations, within the scope of the appended claims may be made in details and in" a continuous homogeneous metallic structure.

material other than shown and described i 1 above, but what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Process for making'metal bands, comprising the production of a split ring from bar stock, welding the abutting ends, confining the blank between dies having 'opposed faces disposed to engage the. blank throughout its circumference, applying pressure simultaneously throughout the circumference to an extent to cause the flow ofmetal at the joint to a homogeneous structure with the remainder of the ring and causin flow 'of the metal simultaneously throng out the ring radially to form' an annular disk of uniform molecular structure and 'up-ending the disk to form a cylindrical ring I '2. A process for the manufacture of ro tating bands for shells, consisting of bend= ing bar stock into a split ring, welding the,

abutting ends of the ring, applying pressure to the blank so formed by engagement between opposed dies uniformly engaging the blank throughout its circumference and pressing the same simultaneously throughout to an extent to cause flow throughout the structure of the metal simultaneously to a degreeto effect a reorganized molecular structure at the joint homogeneous with the balance of the ring, cupping the resultant annular disk, and up-ending the same to form a cylindrical ring.

3. A process for the manufacture of metal bands, comprising the production of a split ring from bar stock, welding the abutting ends, confining the blank between dies having opposed faces disposed to engage the blank simultaneously throughout the circumference and applying pressure simultaneously throughout the circumference to cause a flow of the metal at the weld uniformly with the rest of the metal to convert the material at and in proximity tothe weld into a molecular structure in conform- 1ty with the remainder of the band, whereby -a blank is formed for further treatment as 4. A process for making annular metal rings, comprising the bendingof a rod to cause the ends to abut, welding the ends in a manner confining the size of the weld to .the size of the balance of the bar, pressing the resultant ring from both sides simultaneously throughout its circumference to produce an annular disk of homogeneous molecular structure throughout including the weld, and thereafter pressing the disk in any desired manner to the configuration of the finished article desired.

5. A process for makin annular metal rings comprising the bending of bar stock length to bring the ends together, welding theends together, subjecting the weld to' pressure to an extent that will. cause a change in molecular structure ,to a uni-'- formity with the balance of the blank and simultaneously effecting uniform pressure throughout the blank to cause a flow of metal avoiding disruption of the joint, thereafter pressing or bending the blank to the configuration of the prescribed finished article.

6. A process for manufacturing annular metal rings, comprising the bending of the rod to bring the ends in proximity, welding the ends together, subjecting the weld and the remainder of the ring simultaneously to a pressure efiective for causing flow of metal to unify the molecular structure in proximity to the joint with the remainder of the metal, but of a degree avoiding disruption of the joint, and providing a ring capable of withstanding throughout the further distortion of press operation of .fiow of material and bending.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this'specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 26th day of July 1918.

' FRANK MOSSBERG.

Witnesses:

HERMANN F. GUNTz, H. MUOHMORE. 

